Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (History and story)

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre

Jallianwala bagh massacre is a tragic incident occured on 13th April, 1919 in Amritsar Cantonment. This tragic incident is condemned by whole world. This massacre was planned to stop the independence campaign during those days.

Let us know the history of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.

History of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre: 
In the year 1919 many rules and laws were imposed by British Government in India.
Every part of India protested against the laws imposed by British Government in 1919.
On 6th February 1919, British Government has presented a Rowlatt Act bill in Imperial legislative council and the bill was passed by Imperial legislative council in march.
After this, the bill has become a law.
According to this bill, British Government can arrest any person who is doubtful under disloyalty, without presenting the person in the Court(Jury), apart from this police can take the person under custody for 2 years without any investigation.
British Government wanted to control Freedom fighters and Independence protests in India by this law.
Many Indian leaders including Mahatma Gandhi protested against this Law. Gandhiji started protest Satyagrah against this law in whole country.
The Satyagrah protest was appreciated by every Indian and have emerged as the total Country protest.
On 6th April 1919, in the city Amritsar, a strike was performed under Satyagrah against Rowlatt Law.
Further, this protest turned out to be violent in few days.
On 9th April 1919, British Government arrested two leaders of Punjab.
Two leaders were namely, Dr. Saifuddin and Dr. Satpal.
This leader were popular amongst their Punjab people.
Many of the people reached deputy committee and had requested to release their leaders, but deputy committee have rejected their request.
These made people's angry and started violent attack on many Government office's of British Government. Due to this violent, 3 Britishers were killed.
After this, British Government has assigned the control of Amritsar to Brigadier general Reginald Dyer.
On 11th April 1919, Dyer has started to make the situation under control in Punjab province.
British Government have imposed Marshall law in many cities of Punjab.
According to this law, people's independence and public meeting were restricted. The Marshall law was imposed to stop the public meeting organised by freedom fighters and to control violence in Punjab.
Further, two leaders namely were arrested by British Government during restrictions.
This made people more aggressive and the state wasn't under control.

Story of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre :

In 13 April, 1919 many people attended holy place Golden Temple to offer prayers on Baisakhi.
Curfew was imposed by British Government on this day.
Jallianwala Bagh was near to the Golden temple and many people's visited Jallianwala Bagh to have a walk .
A group of people peacefully discussed about the custody of their leaders and many families were walking around the Jallianwala Bagh.
Around 12:40 pm on this day, General Dyre got notice that a gathering has been organised in Jallianwala Bagh.
After this, around 4:00pm General Dyre moved towards Jallianwala Bagh along with 150 British police.
General Dyre thought that the gathering was organised to plan riot in city.
When General Dyre reached Jallianwala Bagh, he ordered british police to fire on the gathering without knowing the truth.
It is said that, police have fired for about 10 minutes and the Jallianwala Bagh main gate was closed by British police.
People's were running here and there to protect themselves.
Many people's jumped in the well.
When the firing stopped, the ground was full of blood.

Death in Jallianwala Bagh Massacre : 

More than 370 people's were died in these massacre and around 100 people's died body was taken out from the well. Dead bodies were mostly of Children and women.
Congress party has stated that around 10,000 innocent were killed but British Government has said only 370 people's were killed in Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

Committee to investigate Jallianwala Bagh Massacre :

After this massacre, a committee was formed which was headed by Lord William Hunter. In Hunter Committee, there were 7 members including few Indians to investigate about the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
On 8th March 1920, this committee made the report private and stated that, General Dyre's decision of firing was wrong and then General Dyre was suspended by Government.

Jallianwala Bagh Memorial :

To pay tributes to martyrs of Jallianwala Bagh, Government have given responsibility to American architect Benjamin Pollock to construct a memorial.
The Jallianwala Bagh memorial inauguration was organised on 13th April 1961 and President Rajendra Prasad inaugurated this memorial.
This memorial was built on the budget of 9 lack and these memorial is also considered as "Agni ki Loh" .
Jallianwala Bagh memorial has now become a tourist place and many people visit this place to pay tribute to the martyrs of Jallianwala Bagh massacre. This memorial also has the memories of massacre, there is a wall in the memorial on which bullets were fired by Dyre's Police.
Apart from the wall, the well is also present in the memorial in which many people's jumped to save their lives.

Conclusion: 
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre is considered as one of the brutal human killing act.
Tributes to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre martyrs .